Indian cassava mosaic virus

Family   : Geminiviridae
Genus : Begomovirus
Acronym : ICMV

Introduction

Indian cassava mosaic virus (ICMV) is a plant pathogenic virus infects cassava plants in common and causes high yield loss every year. Indian cassava mosaic virus (ICMV) and Sri Lankan cassava mosaic virus (SLCMV) have been shown to be responsible cassava mosaic disease in India. A new strain of ICMV infecting causing mosaic disease has been reported.

Major Diseases

Mosaic disease

Geographical Distribution

Widely throughout India.

Particle Morphology

Geminate particles measuring 17-28 nm in diameter.

Transmission Method

Transmitted by a vector Bemisia tabaci (Aleyrodidae) in a persistent manner; transmitted by mechanical inoculation; not transmitted by seed.

Detection

ELISA, dot-blot hybridisation, PCR and Rolling circle amplification.

Host Range and Symptomatology

Manihot utilissima Pohl. (Tapioca) Mosaic, distorted and curled with reduced leaf area.
Manihot esculenta Crantz (cassava) Mosaic and irregular chlorotic patches on leaves with distortion and stunting.
Momordica charantia (Bitter gourd)Yellow mosaic
Jatropha curcasMosaic disease.

References

1 Adjata, K. D. ; Muller, E. ; Peterschmitt, M. ; Aziadekey, M. ; Gumedzoe, Y. M. D., Incidence of cassava viral diseases and first identification of East African cassava mosaic virus and Indian cassava mosaic virus by PCR in cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) fields in Togo.. 2010, American Journal of Plant Physiology, 5, 2, pp 94-101.
2 Adjata, K. D. ; Muller, E. ; Peterschmitt, M. ; Aziadekey, M. ; Gumedzoe, Y. M. D., Incidence of cassava viral diseases and first identification of East African cassava mosaic virus and Indian cassava mosaic virus by PCR in cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) fields in Togo.. 2008, American Journal of Plant Physiology, 3, 2, pp 73-80.
3 Antony, B. ; Lisha, V. S. ; Palaniswami, M. S., Evidences for transmission of Indian cassava mosaic virus through Bemisia tabaci - cassava biotype.. 2009, Archives of Phytopathology and Plant Protection, 42, 10, pp 922-929.
4 Borah, B. K. ; Indranil Dasgupta, PCR-RFLP analysis indicates that recombination might be a common occurrence among the cassava infecting begomoviruses in India.. 2012, Virus Genes, 45, 2, pp 327-332.
5 Gao ShiQiang ; Qu Jing ; Chua, N. H. ; Ye Jian, A new strain of Indian cassava mosaic virus causes a mosaic disease in the biodiesel crop Jatropha curcas.. 2010, Archives of Virology, 155, 4, pp 607-612.
6 Harrison, B. D. ; Liu, Y. L. ; Zhou, X. ; Robinson, D. J. ; Calvert, L. ; Munoz, C. ; Otim-Nape, G. W., Properties, differentiation and geographical distribution of geminiviruses that cause cassava mosaic disease.. 1997, African Journal of Root and Tuber Crops, 2, 01-Feb, pp 19-22.
7 Harrison, B. D. ; Muniyappa, V. ; Swanson, M. M. ; Roberts, I. M. ; Robinson, D. J., Recognition and differentiation of seven whitefly-transmitted geminiviruses from India, and their relationships to African cassava mosaic and Thailand mung bean yellow mosaic viruses.. 1991, Annals of Applied Biology, 118, 2, pp 299-308.
8 Indra, N. ; Rajamani, K., Screening of cassava for Indian Cassava Mosaic Virus at Salem.. 2001, Madras Agricultural Journal, 88, 04-Jun, pp 326-327.
9 Indranil Dasgupta, Cassava mosaic disease.. 2008, 04-Jun, pp 379-388.
10 Jayalakshmi, V. ; Saraswathi, T. ; Venkatesan, S., Field screening of cassava cultivars against Indian cassava mosaic virus and tuber rot diseases.. 2005, Indian Journal of Plant Protection, 33, 1, pp 148-149.
11 Maruthi, M. N. ; Colvin, J. ; Seal, S. ; Gibson, G. ; Cooper, J., Co-adaptation between cassava mosaic geminiviruses and their local vector populations.. 2002, Virus Research, 86, 01-Feb, pp 71-85.
12 Nair, N. G., Influence of inoculum source and varietal susceptibility on the field spread of Indian cassava mosaic disease.. 1988, Journal of Root Crops, 14, 1, pp 05-Sep.
13 Nair, N. G. ; Malathi, V. G., Disease severity and yield loss in cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) due to Indian cassava mosaic disease.. 1987, Journal of Root Crops, 13, 1, pp 91-94.
14 Narayana, D. S. A. ; Rangaswamy, K. T. ; Shankarappa, K. S. ; Maruthi, M. N. ; Reddy, C. N. L. ; Rekha, A. R. ; Murthy, K. V. K., Distinct begomoviruses closely related to cassava mosaic viruses cause Indian Jatropha mosaic disease.. 2010, International Journal of Virology, 6, 2, pp 82-92.
15 Narayana, D. S. A. ; Rangaswamy, K. T. ; Shankarappa, K. S. ; Maruthi, M. N. ; Reddy, C. N. L. ; Rekha, A. R. ; Murthy, K. V. K., Distinct begomoviruses closely related to cassava mosaic viruses cause Indian Jatropha mosaic disease.. 2007, International Journal of Virology, 3, 1, pp 01-Nov.
16 Patil, B. L. ; Fauquet, C. M., Studies on differential behavior of cassava mosaic geminivirus DNA components, symptom recovery patterns, and their siRNA profiles.. 2015, Virus Genes, 50, 3, pp 474-486.
17 Patil, B. L. ; Rajasubramaniam, S. ; Bagchi, C. ; Dasgupta, I., Both Indian cassava mosaic virus and Sri Lankan cassava mosaic virus are found in India and exhibit high variability as assessed by PCR-RFLP.. 2005, Archives of Virology, 150, 2, pp 389-397.
18 Raj, S. K. ; Snehi, S. K. ; Kumar, S. ; Khan, M. S. ; Pathre, U., First molecular identification of a begomovirus in India that is closely related to Cassava mosaic virus and causes mosaic and stunting of Jatropha curcas L.. 2008, Australasian Plant Disease Notes, 3, 1, pp 69-72.
19 Rajendran, P. G. ; Mohan, C. ; Sreekumar, J., Breeding true cassava seed progeny for mosaic disease (CMD) resistance.. 2004, Gene Conserve, 11, pp 154-186.
20 Rajinimala, N. ; Rabindran, R., First report of Indian cassava mosaic virus on bittergourd (Momordica charantia) in Tamil Nadu, India.. 2007, Australasian Plant Disease Notes, 2, 1, pp 81-82.
21 Rothenstein, D. ; Briddon, R. W. ; Haible, D. ; Stanley, J. ; Frischmuth, T. ; Jeske, H., Biolistic infection of cassava using cloned components of Indian cassava mosaic virus.. 2005, Archives of Virology, 150, 8, pp 1669-1675.
22 Rothenstein, D. ; Haible, D. ; Dasgupta, I. ; Dutt, N. ; Patil, B. L. ; Jeske, H., Biodiversity and recombination of cassava-infecting begomoviruses from southern India.. 2006, Archives of Virology, 151, 1, pp 55-69.
23 Sarjeet Singh ; Barker, H. ; Shiv Kumar, Prospects of penicillinase ELISA for detection of plant viruses in the developing countries.. 2000, 1, pp 433-438.
24 Semmalaiappan Manivasagam ; Nataraj Rajinimala ; Ramalingam Rabindran, Screening of virus specific primers against the Cassava mosaic virus.. 2009, Archives of Phytopathology and Plant Protection, 42, 9, pp 812-818.
25 Snehi, S. K. ; Ashish Srivastava ; Raj, S. K., Biological characterization and complete genome sequence of a possible strain of Indian cassava mosaic virus from Jatropha curcas in India.. 2012, Journal of Phytopathology, 160, 10, pp 547-553.

Sequences

Complete Sequence
 KU308386.1 Indian cassava mosaic virus isolate TVM4 segment DNA-B, complete sequence.
 KU308385.1 Indian cassava mosaic virus isolate TVM4 segment DNA-A, complete sequence.
 JX518289.1 Jatropha curcas mosaic virus isolate ICMV-IN:SG:12 segment DNA-A, complete sequence.
 JN692494.1 Jatropha curcas mosaic virus isolate JC-3 segment DNA-A, complete sequence.
 GQ924761.1 Jatropha curcas mosaic virus-[Dha] isolate Dharwad segment DNA-B, complete sequence.
 GQ924760.1 Jatropha curcas mosaic virus-[Dha] isolate Dharwad segment DNA-A, complete sequence.
 JF496657.1 Jatropha curcas mosaic virus-[Jalgaon] segment DNA-A, complete sequence.
 JF496656.1 Jatropha curcas mosaic virus-[Jalgaon] segment DNA-B, complete sequence.
 AY730035.2 Indian cassava mosaic virus isolate Mah-2 segment DNA A, complete sequence.
 AY730036.2 Indian cassava mosaic virus isolate Mah-2 segment DNA B, complete sequence.
 AJ314740.1 Indian cassava mosaic virus-[Maharashtra] DNA-B, complete genome, isolate ICMV-Mah.
 AJ314739.1 Indian cassava mosaic virus-[Maharashtra] DNA-A, complete genome, isolate ICMV-Mah.
 NC_001933.1 Indian cassava mosaic virus DNA B, complete sequence.
 NC_001932.1 Indian cassava mosaic virus DNA A, complete sequence.
Partial Sequence
 JN652126.1 Indian cassava mosaic virus isolate Yethapur replication-associated protein gene, partial cds.
 EU113300.1 Indian cassava mosaic virus isolate Lucknow coat protein (AV1) gene, complete cds.
 DQ780004.1 Indian cassava mosaic virus nonfunctional coat protein gene, complete sequence.
 HQ415775.1 Indian cassava mosaic virus isolate Namakkal/ICMV replication-associated protein-like gene, complete sequence.
 HQ415774.1 Indian cassava mosaic virus isolate Bhavani/ICMV replication-associated protein-like gene, partial sequence.
 HQ415773.1 Indian cassava mosaic virus isolate Udayampalayam/ICMV replication-associated protein-like gene, partial sequence.
 HQ415772.1 Indian cassava mosaic virus isolate Avinashi/ICMV replication-associated protein-like gene, complete sequence.
 HQ415771.1 Indian cassava mosaic virus isolate Calicut/ICMV replication-associated protein-like gene, complete sequence.
 HQ415770.1 Indian cassava mosaic virus isolate Pollachi/ICMV replication-associated protein-like gene, complete sequence.
 HQ415769.1 Indian cassava mosaic virus isolate Ondiputhur/ICMV replication-associated protein-like gene, complete sequence.
 HQ415768.1 Indian cassava mosaic virus isolate Thandamuthur/ICMV replication-associated protein-like gene, complete sequence.
 HQ415767.1 Indian cassava mosaic virus isolate Athur/Uk replication-associated protein gene, complete cds.
 HQ415766.1 Indian cassava mosaic virus isolate Sangagiri/unknown replication-associated protein-like gene, complete sequence.
 HQ415765.1 Indian cassava mosaic virus isolate Thaliyur/H226 replication-associated protein gene, complete cds.
 EU439256.1 Indian cassava mosaic virus-[Lucknow] precoat protein (AV2) and coat protein (AV1) genes, complete cds.
 DQ641026.1 Indian cassava mosaic virus isolate Salem AC2 gene, partial cds.
 DQ017669.1 Indian cassava mosaic virus strain Kollihills movement protein (BC1) gene, complete cds.
 AY769967.1 Indian cassava mosaic virus BV1 gene, partial cds.
 AY769966.1 Indian cassava mosaic virus AV1, AV2, and AC3 genes, partial cds.
 AM231026.1 Indian cassava mosaic virus recombinant defective DNA (ICMV-[Ker6]B).
 AM231025.1 Indian cassava mosaic virus recombinant defective DNA (SLCMV-[Col]A and SLCMV-[Ker4]B).
 AM231024.1 Indian cassava mosaic virus recombinant defective DNA (ICMV-[Maha2]A and ICMV-[Ker6]B).
 DQ515968.2 Indian cassava mosaic virus-[Lucknow] coat protein (AV1) gene, complete cds.
 EU022377.1 Indian cassava mosaic virus isolate kerala 2 nonfunctional replicase (AC1) gene, partial sequence.
 EU022376.1 Indian cassava mosaic virus isolate kerala 1 nonfunctional replicase (AC1) gene, complete sequence.
 EF059981.1 Indian cassava mosaic virus isolate Trichy nonfunctional AC3 gene, partial sequence.
 DQ314584.1 Indian cassava mosaic virus isolate Salem AC3 gene, partial cds.
 DQ658179.1 Indian cassava mosaic virus isolate Trichy AC1 and AC4 genes, partial cds.
 DQ658178.1 Indian cassava mosaic virus isolate Trichy AC1 gene, partial cds; and AC4 gene, complete cds.
 DQ641025.1 Indian cassava mosaic virus isolate Trichi nonfunctional AC2 gene, partial sequence.
 DQ303479.1 Indian cassava mosaic virus - [Bhavani] isolate ICMV-TN segment DNA-A, partial sequence.
 AY998122.1 Indian cassava mosaic virus isolate Kolli hills coat protein (AV1) gene, complete cds.
 AY149901.1 Indian cassava mosaic virus replication-associated protein (AC1) gene, partial cds.
 HM143917.1 Indian cassava mosaic virus coat protein (AV1) gene, complete cds.
 HQ113112.1 Indian cassava mosaic virus-Chilli pepper coat protein gene, complete cds.
 AY738105.1 Indian cassava mosaic virus from India coat protein (AV1) gene, partial cds; replication associated protein (AC3) and transactivator protein (AC2) genes, complete cds; and replicase (AC1) gene, partial cds.
 AF423180.1 Indian cassava mosaic virus isolate ICMV-[Tri] coat protein (AV1) gene, complete cds.
 AM158955.1 Indian cassava mosaic virus-[Ker5] DNA B, isolate Koodathai.
 AM238429.1 Indian cassava mosaic virus recombinant defective DNA B, clone D2B (ICMV-[Ker3]B).
 AM238428.1 Indian cassava mosaic virus recombinant defective DNA B, clone D1B (ICMV-[Ker3]B).
 AJ512823.1 Indian cassava mosaic virus-[Ker6] BV1 gene for nuclear shuttle protein and BC1 gene for movement protein.
 AJ575820.1 Indian cassava mosaic virus-[Ker3] DNA B, isolate Muvattupuzzha.
 AJ575819.1 Indian cassava mosaic virus-[Ker2] DNA A, isolate Adivaram 2.
 AJ575821.1 Sri Lankan cassava mosaic virus-[Ker4] DNA B, isolate Kattukuda.
 AY312989.1 Indian cassava mosaic virus-[Tri] coat protein (AV1) gene, complete cds.
 AY188956.2 Indian cassava mosaic virus-[Lucknow] AV2 protein (AV2) gene, complete cds; and coat protein (AV1) gene, partial cds.
 Z24758.1 Indian cassava mosaic virus encoding AR0 complete CDS.
 Z24759.1 Indian cassava mosaic virus BR1 and BL1 genes, complete CDS's.