Pigeonpea sterility mosaic virus

Family   : unassigned
Genus    : Emaravirus
Acronym  : PPSMV

Introduction

Sterility mosaic disease (SMD), considered as the "green plague of Pigeonpea" and caused by Pigeonpea sterility mosaic virus (PPSMV) is one of the major biotic factors, which leads to heavy yield losses and hence poses a big challenge for Pigeonpea production in the Indian subcontinent.

Major Diseases

sterility mosaic disease.

Geographical Distribution

Andhra Pradesh, Bihar, Chhattisgarh, Gujarat, Karnataka, Maharashtra, Punjab, Tamil Nadu, Uttar Pradesh, West Bengal.

Particle Morphology

Quasi-spherical, membrane bound virus particles of 100-150 nm. It's genome contains five segments of negative sense single stranded RNA.

Transmission Method

Transmitted by eriophyid mite, Aceria cajani Channabasavanna in a semi-persistent manner.

Detection

ELISA and RT-PCR.

Host Range and Symptomatology

Host	Symptoms
Cajanus cajan (pigeon pea)	Stunted and bushy plants, leafs of reduced size with chlorotic rings or mosaic symptoms and partial or complete cessation of flower production.

References

1	Pigeonpea sterility mosaic virus. [Distribution map].. 2007, Distribution Maps of Plant Diseases, April, pp Map 1001 (Edition 1).
2	Baskaran, K. ; Muthiah, A. R., Screening and inheritance pattern of sterility mosaic disease resistance in pigeonpea.. 2005, Indian Journal of Pulses Research, 18, 2, pp 124-126.
3	Bhite, B. R. ; Chavan, J. K. ; Kachare, D. P., A biochemical marker for resistance to sterility mosaic disease in pigeonpea.. 1997, publ. 1998, Journal of Maharashtra Agricultural Universities, 22, 3, pp 340-341.
4	Chauhan, V. B. ; Singh, U. P. ; Nandan, R., Reaction of some advanced breeding/germplasm lines of pigeonpea to sterility mosaic.. 1991, International Pigeonpea Newsletter, 13, pp 19-20.
5	Dhar, V. ; Rathore, Y. S., Pattern of population distribution of Aceria cajani on pigeonpea plant.. 1994, Indian Journal of Pulses Research, 7, 2, pp 137-143.
6	Elbeaino, T. ; Digiaro, M. ; Mangala Uppala ; Harikishan Sudini, Deep sequencing of dsRNAs recovered from mosaic-diseased pigeonpea reveals the presence of a novel emaravirus: pigeonpea sterility mosaic virus 2.. 2015, Archives of Virology, 160, 8, pp 2019-2029.
7	Farindra Singh ; Singh, I. P., Identification and development of donors resistant to sterility mosaic disease of pigeonpea (Cajanus cajan).. 2013, Indian Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 83, 9, pp 992-996.
8	Gnanesh, B. N. ; Bohra, A. ; Sharma, M. ; Byregowda, M. ; Pande, S. ; Wesley, V. ; Saxena, R. K. ; Saxena, K. B. ; Kishor, P. B. K. ; Varshney, R. K., Genetic mapping and quantitative trait locus analysis of resistance to sterility mosaic disease in pigeonpea [Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp.].. 2011, Field Crops Research, 123, 2, pp 53-61.
9	Gnanesh, B. N. ; Ganapathy, K. N. ; Ajay, B. C. ; Gowda, M. B., Inheritance of sterility mosaic disease resistance to Bangalore and Patancheru isolates in pigeonpea (Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp.).. 2011, Electronic Journal of Plant Breeding, 2, 2, pp 218-223.
10	Hanumanthaswamy, B. C. ; Yadahalli, K. B. ; Nagaraja, M. V., Evaluation of bio intensive IPM module in redgram.. 2009, Mysore Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 43, 2, pp 386-388.
11	Jaggal, L. G. ; Patil, B. R. ; Salimath, P. M. ; Madhusudhan, K. ; Patil, M. S. ; Udikeri, S. S., Evaluation of mini core accessions of pigeonpea (Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp.) against sterility mosaic disease and fusarium wilt.. 2014, Karnataka Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 27, 3, pp 337-339.
12	Khare, D. ; Satpute, R. G. ; Tiwari, A. S., Present state of the wilt and sterility mosaic diseases of pigeonpea.. 1994, Indian Journal of Genetics & Plant Breeding, 54, 4, pp 331-346.
13	Kumar, P. L. ; Fenton, B. ; Duncan, G. H. ; Jones, A. T. ; Sreenivasulu, P. ; Reddy, D. V. R., Assessment of variation in Aceria cajani using analysis of rDNA ITS regions and scanning electron microscopy: implications for the variability observed in host plant resistance to pigeonpea sterility mosaic disease.. 2001, Annals of Applied Biology, 139, 1, pp 61-73.
14	Kumar, P. L. ; Jones, A. T. ; Sreenivasulu, P. ; Fenton, B. ; Reddy, D. V. R., Characterization of a virus from pigeonpea with affinities to species in the genus Aureusvirus, family Tombusviridae.. 2001, Plant Disease, 85, 2, pp 208-215.
15	Latha, T. K. S. ; Kumar, P. L. ; Sabitha Doraiswamy ; Waliyar, F., Biodiversity of mite vector of Pigeonpea sterility mosaic virus in Tamil Nadu, India.. 2007, Indian Journal of Plant Protection, 35, 1, pp 138-139.
16	Mamta Sharma ; Rameshwar Telangre ; Raju Ghosh ; Suresh Pande, Multi-environment field testing to identify broad, stable resistance to sterility mosaic disease of pigeonpea.. 2015, Journal of General Plant Pathology, 81, 3, pp 249-259.
17	Manjunatha, L. ; Ramappa, H. K. ; Gowda, M. B. ; Rangaswamy, K. T. ; Nagaraju, Prevalence of sterility mosaic disease in Karnataka and its resistance source.. 2013, Mysore Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 47, 2, pp 314-319.
18	Nagaraj, K. M. ; Chikkadevaiah ; Muniyappa, V. ; Rangaswamy, K. T. ; Kumar, P. L., Evaluation of pigeonpea genotypes for resistance to Pigeonpea sterility mosaic virus-B isolate.. 2006, Indian Journal of Plant Protection, 34, 2, pp 216-220.
19	Neetha Jayaram ; Ramesh, S. ; Byregowda, M. ; Ramappa, H. K. ; Manjunath, B. ; Reena, G. A. M., Nature and genetics of response to pigeonpea sterility mosaic virus disease infection in recombinant inbred lines.. 2013, Crop Research (Hisar), 45, 01-Mar, pp 183-187.
20	Patil, B. L. ; Kumar, P. L., Pigeonpea sterility mosaic virus: a legume-infecting Emaravirus from South Asia.. 2015, Molecular Plant Pathology, 16, 8, pp 775-786.
21	Patil, P. G. ; Byregowda, M. ; Vimarsha, H. S. ; Keerthi, C. M. ; Kundur, P. J. ; Shashidhar, H. E., Genetic variability on leaf morpho-anatomical traits in relation to sterility mosaic disease (SMD) resistance in pigeonpea.. 2015, Australian Journal of Crop Science, 9, 7, pp 621-628.
22	Pawar, K. B. ; Bhor, S. B. ; Bendre, N. J. ; Deshmukh, R. B., Pigeonpea lines resistant to sterility mosaic.. 1993, Indian Journal of Pulses Research, 6, 1, pp 110-111.
23	Perane, R. R. ; Bendre, N. J. ; Patil, S. D. ; Aher, R. P., Effect of genotypes and spacing on wilt and sterility mosaic in post rainy season crop of pigeonpea.. 1998, Indian Journal of Pulses Research, 11, 1, pp 130-131.
24	Raguchander, T. ; Arjunan, G. ; Prabakar, K., Screening of pigeonpea genotypes for resistance to sterility mosaic.. 1996, Madras Agricultural Journal, 83, 5, pp 324-325.
25	Raguchander, T. ; Arjunan, G. ; Samiappan, R., Field performance of pigeonpea genotypes to sterility mosaic.. 1995, Madras Agricultural Journal, 82, 4, pp 319-320.
26	Rangaswamy, K. T. ; Muniyappa, V. ; Kumar, P. L. ; Saxena, K. B. ; Byregowda, M. ; Raghavendra, N. ; Pandurangaiah, K. ; Kumar, R. V. ; Waliyar, F. ; Jones, A. T., ICP 7035 - a sterility mosaic resistant vegetable and grain purpose pigeonpea variety.. 2005, Journal of SAT Agricultural Research, 1, 1, pp 01-Mar.
27	Reddy, M. V. ; Raju, T. N., Evaluation of pigeonpea (Cajanus cajan) varieties for resistance to wilt caused by Fusarium udum and sterility mosaic disease in a perennial system.. 1997, Indian Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 67, 10, pp 437-439.
28	Reddy, M. V. ; Raju, T. N., Some clues to increased incidence and seasonal variation of pigeonpea sterility mosaic in peninsular India.. 1993, International Pigeonpea Newsletter, 18, pp 22-24.
29	Reddy, M. V. ; Raju, T. N. ; Jain, K. C. ; Remanandan, P. ; Ariyanayagam, R. P. ; Amin, K. S. ; Smith, D. H., Identification of multiple disease resistance in pigeonpea.. 1993, Indian Journal of Plant Protection, 21, 2, pp 178-182.
30	Reddy, M. V. ; Raju, T. N. ; Nene, Y. L. ; Ghanekar, A. M. ; Amin, K. S. ; Arjunan, G. ; Astaputre, J. V. ; Sinha, B. K. ; Muniyappa, V. ; Reddy, S. V. ; Gupta, R. P. ; Kausalya Gangadharan, Variability in sterility mosaic pathogen of pigeonpea in India.. 1993, Indian Phytopathology, 46, 3, pp 206-212.
31	Reddy, M. V. ; Sheila, V. K. ; Nene, Y. L., Cajanus scarabaeoides, an alternative host of pigeonpea sterility mosaic pathogen and its vector Aceria cajani.. 1993, International Pigeonpea Newsletter, 18, pp 24-27.
32	Saxena, K. B. ; Reddy, M. V. ; Bhagwat, V. R. ; Sharma, S. B., Preliminary studies on the incidence of major diseases and insects in Cajanus platycarpus germplasm at ICRISAT Asia Center.. 1996, International Chickpea and Pigeonpea Newsletter, 3, pp 51-52.
33	Shinde, V. K. ; Zote, K. K., Management of wilt and sterility mosaic through resistance breeding in pigeonpea (Cajanus cajan).. 1993, Indian Journal of Pulses Research, 6, 1, pp 60-63.
34	Singh, A. K. ; Agrawal, K. C. ; Rathi, Y. P. S., Occurrence and sources of resistance of sterility mosaic of pigeonpea.. 1999, Indian Phytopathology, 52, 2, pp 156.
35	Singh, B. B. ; Singh, D. P. ; Singh, N. P. ; Kumar, R., Evaluation of pigeonpea germplasm for resistance to sterility mosaic.. 1995, International Chickpea and Pigeonpea Newsletter, 2, pp 69-70.
36	Srinivas, T. ; Reddy, M. V., Pigeonpea lines resistant to old and new strains of sterility mosaic disease.. 1995, International Chickpea and Pigeonpea Newsletter, 2, pp 67-69.
37	Zote, K. K. ; Dandnaik, B. P., Comparative performance of pigeonpea cultivars to sterility mosaic.. 1986, publ. 1987, Indian Phytopathology, 39, 2, pp 304-306.
38	Zote, K. K. ; Dhutraj, D. N., A white seeded multiple disease resistant pigeonpea BSMR-853.. 2002, publ. 2003, Journal of Maharashtra Agricultural Universities, 27, 3, pp 252-254.
39	Zote, K. K. ; Khapre, P. R. ; Pawar, N. B. ; Pawar, G. G. ; Shrirama, M. D. ; Sable, K. R. ; Dahiwal, A. L. ; Dhutraj, D. N., High yielding wilt and sterility mosaic resistant pigeonpea variety released for cultivation in Maharashtra, India.. 1995, International Chickpea and Pigeonpea Newsletter, 2, pp 54-55.
40	Zote, K. K. ; Mali, V. R. ; Mayee, C. D. ; Shaikh, M. H. ; Katare, R. A. ; Kulkarni, S. V. ; Mote, T. S., Outbreak of sterility mosaic disease of pigeonpea in Marathwada region.. 1997, Indian Phytopathology, 50, 1, pp 141-143.