Rice tungro spherical virus

Family   : Sequiviridae
Genus    : Waikavirus
Acronym  : RTSV

Introduction

Rice tungro disease is one of the major constraints in rice production in India. The disease is caused by co-infection of two different viruses where RTBV is responsible for symptom development and RTSV is responsible for the transmission of the viral complex by green leaf hoppers. RTSV, a member of the genus Waikavirus is a palnt picorna virus which has a single stranded RNA genome of about 12 kb that is encapsidated with in isometric particles.

Major Diseases

Mild mosaic Disease

Geographical Distribution

Andhra Pradesh, Kerala, Tamil Nadu, West Bengal.

Particle Morphology

Isometric particles of 30 nm in diameter.

Transmission Method

Transmitted by green leafhopper (Nephotettix virescens) in a semi persistent manner; not transmitted by mechanical inoculation; not transmitted by seed.

Detection

RT-PCR and ELISA

Host Range and Symptomatology ShowHide

Host	Symptoms
Oryza sativa L (rice)	Symptomless or mild when alone. In combination with RTBV severe yellowing and stunting.

References ShowHide

1	Anjaneyulu, A. ; Bhaktavatsalam, G. ; Shenoi, M. M., Reaction of tungro (RTV) isolates on Taichung Native 1.. 1986, International Rice Research Newsletter, 11, 5, pp 18.
2	Bhaktavatsalam, G. ; Anjaneyulu, A., Identifying tungro viruses by the transmission method.. 1986, International Rice Research Newsletter, 11, 6, pp 19-20.
3	Chowdhury, A. K. ; Mallick, S. C. ; Pal, D., Comparative estimation on the growth and yield components of tungro virus infected and healthy rice plants with different levels of resistance to virus and vector.. 1999, Journal of Mycopathological Research, 37, 1, pp 29-32.
4	Jyothsna, M. ; Manonmani, S. ; Rabindran, R. ; Dasgupta, I. ; Robin, S., Introgression of transgenic resistance for rice tungro disease into mega variety, ASD 16 of Tamil Nadu through marker assisted backcross breeding.. 2013, Madras Agricultural Journal, 100, 01-Mar, pp 70-74.
5	Kamble, P. U. ; Ramesh, M. ; Surjeet Singh ; Patil, D. V., Survival rate of Tungro virus disease transmitor (Nenhotettix virescens) on resistant and susceptible genotypes of rice.. 2006, Annals of Plant Physiology, 20, 1, pp 112-115.
6	Kamble, P. U. ; Ramiah, M. ; Patil, D. V. ; Surjit Singh, Combining ability of the resistant donor for tungro virus disease in susceptible genotypes of rice (Oryza sativa L.).. 2004, Plant Archives, 4, 1, pp 167-170.
7	Khush, G. S. ; Angeles, E. ; Virk, P. S. ; Brar, D. S., Breeding rice for resistance to tungro virus at IRRI.. 2004, SABRAO Journal of Breeding and Genetics, 36, 2, pp 101-106.
8	Mallick, S. C. ; Chowdhury, A. K. ; Pal, D., Ischaemum rugosum - a potential alternate host of rice tungro viruses in West Bengal.. 1999, International Rice Research Notes, 24, 1, pp 28-29.
9	Mangrauthia, S. K. ; Malathi, P. ; Surekha Agarwal ; Ramkumar, G. ; Krishnaveni, D. ; Neeraja, C. N. ; Madhav, M. S. ; Ladhalakshmi, D. ; Balachandran, S. M. ; Viraktamath, B. C., Genetic variation of coat protein gene among the isolates of Rice tungro spherical virus from tungro-endemic states of the India.. 2012, Virus Genes, 44, 3, pp 482-487.
10	Muralidharan, K. ; Krishnaveni, D. ; Neeraja, C. N. ; Prasad, G. S. V., Reflections on the complexity of rice tungro virus disease.. 2003, Annual Review of Plant Pathology, 2, 3, pp 379-436.
11	Muralidharan, K. ; Krishnaveni, D. ; Rajarajeswari, N. V. L. ; Prasad, A. S. R., Tungro epidemics and yield losses in paddy fields in India.. 2003, Current Science, 85, 8, pp 1143-1147.
12	Muthulakshmi, P. ; Narayanasamy, P., Changes in the nucleic acid contents in rice following antiviral principle application and inoculation with rice tungro virus.. 2001, Madras Agricultural Journal, 88, 01-Mar, pp 158-160.
13	Nagaraju, P. ; Dronavalli, N. ; Biradar, D. P., Effects of genotypes and insecticide application on tungro disease incidence and grain yield of rice.. 2001, International Rice Research Notes, 26, 2, pp 39-40.
14	Sailaja, B. ; Najreen Anjum ; Patil, Y. K. ; Surekha Agarwal ; Malathi, P. ; Krishnaveni, D. ; Balachandran, S. M. ; Viraktamath, B. C. ; Mangrauthia, S. K., The complete genome sequence of a south Indian isolate of Rice tungro spherical virus reveals evidence of genetic recombination between distinct isolates.. 2013, Virus Genes, 47, 3, pp 515-523.
15	Tarafdar, J. ; Biswas, S. ; Chowdhury, A. K., Reaction of rice tungro virus and its vector Nephotettix virescens (Distant) with some traditional and high yielding varieties of rice.. 2001, Journal of Interacademicia, 5, 2, pp 142-149.
16	Terafdar, J. ; Chowdhury, A. K., Variation on the susceptibility of rice tungro virus components in respect to variety and vector Nephotettix virescens.. 2002, Journal of Mycopathological Research, 40, 1, pp 17-20.
17	Vidhu Verma ; Indranil Dasgupta, Molecular analysis of coat protein genes of Rice tungro spherical virus from eastern and southern India.. 2007, Indian Phytopathology, 60, 1, pp 99-104.

Sequences ShowHide