Okra enation leaf curl virus

Family   : Geminiviridae
Genus    : Begomovirus
Acronym  : OELCuV

Introduction

An unusual symptom in okra originating from Haryana state consisting of leaf curl associated with enations. These were distinct from the leaf curl and/or vein yellowing symptoms usually shown by okra. The causal virus of this new disease was identified as a distinct species namely Okra enation leaf curl virus (OELCuV). Analysis of the transmission characteristics of a wild-type virus isolate by Bemisia tabaci showed the minimum acquisition access period to be 1 h and the minimum inoculation access period to be 30 min, with female insects transmitting with a greater efficiency than male insects. Under controlled conditions the host range of the virus was shown to be very narrow, limited to two species in the family Malvaceae, okra (Abelmoschus esculentus) and hollyhock (Althaea rosea), and seven in the family Solanaceae. Together with okra yellow vein disease and okra leaf curl disease, okra enation leaf curl disease (OELCuD) causes severe losses in cultivated okra (Abelmoschus esculentus (L.) Moench) in India. The disease initially causes small pin-head enations on the under surface of leaves. This is followed by a warty and rough texture of leaves, with later leaves curling upwards. Affected plants show a twisting of the stem and lateral branches with leaves becoming thick and leathery. The curling and enations are more prevalent on leaves that develop soon after infection than in later leaves and plants are severely stunted with fruit being small, deformed and unfit for marketing.

Major Diseases

Enation leaf curl disease

Geographical Distribution

Haryana

Particle Morphology

Geminate particles

Transmission Method

By whitefly, Bemisia tabaci

Detection

PCR

Host Range and Symptomatology ShowHide

Host	Symptoms
Okra (Bhendi)	Leaf curl associated with enations.

References ShowHide

1	Chakraborty, S. ; Pandey, P. K. ; Singh, B., Okra enation leaf curl disease - a threat to cultivation of okra (Abelmoschus esculentus (L.) Moench).. 1997, Vegetable Science, 24, 1, pp 52-54.
2	Singh, B. ; Mathurai Rai ; Kalloo, G. ; Satpathy, S. ; Pandey, K. K., Wild taxa of okra (Abelmoschus species): reservoir of genes for resistance to biotic stresses.. 2007, Acta Horticulturae, No.752, pp 323-328.
3	Singh, S. J., Etiology and epidemiology of whitefly-transmitted virus diseases of okra in India.. 1990, Plant Disease Research, 5, 1, pp 64-70.
4	Singh, S. J. ; Dutta, O. P., Enation leaf curl of okra - a new virus disease.. 1986, Indian Journal of Virology, 2, 1, pp 114-117.
5	Venkataravanappa, V. ; Reddy, C. N. L. ; Devaraju, A. ; Salil Jalali ; Reddy, M. K., Association of a recombinant Cotton leaf curl Bangalore virus with yellow vein and leaf curl disease of okra in India.. 2013, Indian Journal of Virology, 24, 2, pp 188-198.
6	Venkataravanappa, V. ; Reddy, C. N. L. ; Salil Jalali ; Briddon, R. W. ; Reddy, M. K., Molecular identification and biological characterisation of a begomovirus associated with okra enation leaf curl disease in India.. 2015, European Journal of Plant Pathology, 141, 2, pp 217-235.

Sequences ShowHide