Alfalfa mosaic virus

Family   : Bromoviridae
Genus    : Alfamovirus
Acronym  : ApMV

Introduction

Alfalfa mosaic virus (AlMV) is a plant pathogenic virus of the family Bromoviridae. Lucerne mosaic virus, potato calico virus are synonyms. It is a tripartite virus with three RNA species and a subgenomic RNA. It has wide host range in over 600 plant species in 70 families. It causes mosaic white flecks, wilting, dwarfing, ring spots and mottle symptoms.

Major Diseases

Mosaic disease

Geographical Distribution

Wide spread

Particle Morphology

Electron microscopy showed bacilliform particles varying 30-60 nm in length and 20 nm in width.

Transmission Method

The virus was found to be transmitted by aphids, i.e. Aphis gossypii, A. craccivora and Myzus persicae in a non-persistent manner; Virus transmitted by mechanical inoculation; transmitted by grafting; not transmitted by contact between plants; transmitted by seed.

Detection

DAS-ELISA with antisera of Alfalfa mosaic virus confirmed presence of virus.

Host Range and Symptomatology ShowHide

Host	Symptoms
Daucus carota L (Carrot)	Diseased plants were stunted with small roots and showing yellow net symptoms on leaves.
Brinjal	Chlorotic vein-banding, oak-leaf pattern, yellow blotches or mottle, leaf distortion and stunting.

References ShowHide

1	Alfalfa mosaic virus. [Distribution map].. 2002, Distribution Maps of Plant Diseases, October (Edition 3), pp Map 388.
2	Abid Rafiq ; Shahid Ali ; Tabassum Jahan ; Naqvi, Q. A., Virus causing yellow net disease on carrot (Daucus carota L.) identified as Alfalfa mosaic virus.. 2008, National Academy Science Letters, 31, 01-Feb, pp 39-43.
3	Chalam, V. C. ; Khetarpal, R. K. ; Parakh, D. B. ; Maurya, A. K. ; Anju Jain ; Shamsher Singh, Interception of seed-transmitted viruses in French bean germplasm imported during 2002-2003.. 2005, Indian Journal of Plant Protection, 33, 1, pp 134-138.
4	Nagaich, B. B., Virus and mycoplasma diseases of potato in India.. 1975, Tr. Biol.-Pochv. Inst. Dal'nevost. Nauch. Tsentr AN SSSR, 31, 134, pp 43-58.
5	Parakh, D. B. ; Chalam, V. C. ; Khetarpal, R. K. ; Maurya, A. K. ; Jain, A. ; Shamsher Singh, Interception of seed-transmitted viruses in soybean germplasm imported during 2003-2004.. 2005, Indian Journal of Plant Protection, 33, 1, pp 119-124.