Apple chlorotic leafspot virus

Family   : Betaflexiviridae
Genus    : Trichovirus
Acronym  : ACLSV

Introduction

Apple chlorotic leafspot virus (ACLSV) is a plant pathogenic virus of the family Flexiviridae. It occurs in woody plants of the family Rosaceae including apple, peach, pear, plum, cherry, apricot and prune. It's natural mode of spread is unknown. Pear ring pattern mosaic virus, apple latent virus type 1, plum pseudopox virus, quince stunt virus are different Synonyms used. Peach strain and Apple strain are the two strains present.

Major Diseases

Mosaic disease

Geographical Distribution

Himachal Pradesh, Punjab, Jammu and Kashmir. Uttarakhand, Arunachal Pradesh.

Particle Morphology

A virus with flexuous filamentous particles 680-780 nm long and 12 nm in width.

Transmission Method

Virus transmitted by mechanical inoculation and by grafting.

Detection

Detected using Double Antibody Sandwich-Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay (DAS-ELISA) and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) .

Host Range and Symptomatology

Host	Symptoms
Peach trees	Ring patterns, mosaic.
Apple	Line patterns and chlorotic rings.
Almonds	Ring patterns, mosaic.
Quince	Leaves showing distortion and yellow spots
Prunus armeniaca	Small chlorotic spots on inoculated leaves

References

1	A Brakta; P D Thakur; A Handa , First Report of Apple Top Working Disease Caused by Viruses (Apple Stem Grooving Virus, Apple Chlorotic Leaf Spot Virus, and Apple Stem Pitting Virus) in Apple in India . 2013, Source Plant Disease, 97, 7,
2	Pooja Bhardwaj; Raja Ram; Aijaz A Zaidi; Vipin Hallan , Natural Occurrence of Apple STEM Grooving Virus on Bauhinia Variegata . 2015, Source Trees: Structure and Function, 29, 5, pp 1415-1422.
3	T Rana; V Chandel; V Hallan; A A Zaidi , Characterisation ofApple Chlorotic Leaf Spot virus Infecting Almonds in India . 2008, Source Australasian Plant Disease Notes, 3, 1, pp 65-67.
4	T Rana; V Chandel; V Hallan; A A Zaidi , Molecular Evidence for the Presence of Apple Chlorotic Leaf Spot Virus in Infected Peach Trees in India. 2009, Source Scientia Horticulturae, 120, 2, pp 296-299.
5	T Rana; V Chandel; Y Kumar; R Ram; V Hallan; A A Zaidi , Molecular Variability Analyses of Apple Chlorotic Leaf Spot Virus Capsid Protein . 2010, Source Journal of Biosciences, 35, 4, pp 605-615.
6	Tanuja Rana; Anuradha Negi; Sunny Dhir; Tombisana Thockchom; Vanita Chandel; Yashika Walia; Rahul Mohan Singh; Raja Ram; Vipin Hallan; A A Zaidi , Molecular Diagnosis of Apple Virus and Viroid Pathogens from India. 2011, Source Archives of Phytopathology and Plant Protection, 44, 6, pp 505-512.