Fusarium wilt of watermelon caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. niveum caused seedling losses in nurseries, as well as severe losses in many crops in Nghe An province, Vietnam, in 2008. Isolates of the fungus were shown to be pathogenic. All 20 cultivars grown in the province in 2008 were susceptible. This is the first formal report of this disease in Vietnam.